Customer empathy and research (interviews, testing, turning feedback into insights)
Prioritization and trade-off decisions under constraints
Clear communication and stakeholder management (written and verbal)
Product strategy and roadmap planning aligned to business goals
Execution leadership with engineering and design (scoping, sequencing, removing blockers)
Data literacy (defining metrics, reading dashboards, interpreting experiments)
Experimentation and iterative delivery (prototypes, pilots, A/B tests where appropriate)
Understanding the full product lifecycle (launch, adoption, reliability, iteration, end-of-life decisions)
Basics of software delivery (APIs, releases, dependencies) to collaborate effectively with engineers
Commercial thinking (pricing/packaging basics, value proposition, ROI)