People management (coaching, feedback, performance management, hiring)
Prioritization and roadmap planning (balancing feature work, reliability, and maintenance)
Clear communication with technical and non-technical stakeholders
Incident leadership and reliability mindset (learning from failures, preventing repeats)
Cloud infrastructure understanding (networking basics, compute/storage, scalability, cost drivers)
Delivery and automation practices (build/test/deploy pipelines, infrastructure automation)
Observability fundamentals (metrics, logs, traces, and practical alerting)
Security and risk management basics (access control, secrets handling, vulnerability management)